Woven fabric



(No Model.)

A. D. EMBRY. WOVEN FABRIC.

110.415,142. Patented Nov. 12, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT 'OEEIcEi ABRAM D. EMERY, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS.Y

'y wovEN FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,142, dated November12, 1889.

Application filed May 18, 1888. Serial No. 274.257. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be itknown that I, ABRAM Dl EMERY, a citi- Zen of the United States, anda resident of Taunton, in the county of Bristol and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improved WovenFabric, of which the fpllowing is a specification.

My invention relates to plain one-ply woven Vfabrics composed of asingle set of chainthreads and two distinct weft-threads, which crossthe chain-threads in such a manner that each weft-thread occupies only aportion of each shedding, the weft-threads being transferred to the nextsucceeding shedding at or near the center of the fabric, as more broadlysetforth and claimed in an application filed by me February 28,v 1888,Serial No. 265,581. In that. application my invention was illustratedspecifically by a fabric in which the weft-threads are transferred atthe center of the fabric about a chain-thread at or near the center, theweft-threads crossing each other over and under that chain-thread, theposition of the weft-threads of over and under being reversed ateachtransfer.

According to my present invention, which is a modification of thegeneral invention in rcspectto the relation of the weft-threads to thechain-threads at the center, the weftthreads are transferred to asucceeding shedding at or near the center about two adjoiningchain-threads, which are always between them, the weft-threads crossingeach other at one transfer over and under the said two chainthreads andcrossing each other at the next transfer between the two chain-threads,as more broadly described and claimed in applications filed by me May18, 1888, Serial Nos. 274,256 and 274,258.

In the accompanying drawing, forming a portion of this specification,the figure is a plan view of a fabric embodying my present inventionwith the threads separated and enlarged.

1 indicates one of the weft-threads, which is shown as shaded in color,and 2 indicates the other weft-thread, which is shown as plain in colorfor the purpose of facilitating the description.

3 and L,Lindicate the adjoining chain-threads at the center, which arealways between the weft-threads in transferring. The remainingchain-threads, (indicated by the numerals 5 and 6) are arranged in theusual mannerin sequences of two, passing alternately over and under theweft-threads throughout the length and breadth of the fabric.

The fabric thus illustrated corresponds in all respects, except in theparticulars hereinbefore mentioned, with the fabric illustrated 6o anddescribed in the applications filed May 18, 1888, Serial Nos. 274,256and 274,258, before referred'to.

The threads are disposed, generally speaking, in the following manner:Each pick is made up of two distinct weft-threads, one of which fillsone half of the path in any given shedding and the other the otherhalf.Thus the first pick (shown in the lower half of the figure) is composedof the shaded thread 1 7o on the right and the plain thread 2 on theleft hand side of the center. The next pick is composed of the same twothreads, occupying adjoining portions of the shedding, as before, butplaced in opposite parts of the fab'- 75 ric by reason of having passedby each other Y at the center. The third pick is likewise made up ofthe' same two threads placed in the same parts of the fabric as in thesecond pick. `In the fourth pick the threads pass 8o each other again-at the center and cross over to opposite parts of the fabric, as in thefirst pick described. At the fth pick the threads are all disposed as inthe first pick,

the sequence being completed every four picks. In other words, thefabric is composed of a set of chain-threads and two distinctweft-threads, which occupy contiguous parts of each shedding in oppositeparts of the fabric, and in which the threads occupy 9o the samerelative positions in the fabric for two successive picks-that is tosay,lthe weftthreads will lie on the right-hand and lefthand side,respectively, of the center of the fabric for two sheddings or picks,and will then exchange positions for two successive picks, and thenexchange back into their original position in the fabric for twosuccessive picks, and so on. Each weft-thread will thus make twopassages through one half of the 10o fabric and then two passagesthrough the opposite half of the fabric, each pick being` through asucceeding shedding. From this description it will be apparent that theweftthreads are arranged in sequences of four that is to say, each\\'eft-thre.ul will return to its original position every fifth pick,and the weft-threads are always oppositely placed, so that when one ison the left of the center the other is on the right of the center, andthe threads reverse their positions in this respect every two picks. l`urthermore, the weftthreads in being transferred to a succeedingshedding` at or near the center of the fabric pass one over and oneunder the two adjoining chain-threads 3 and i, crossing eachother intheir passage, but at one transfer. The weft-thread which passes overthetwo adj ein* ing chain-threiuls crosses over the other weftlhread, andthe weft-thread which passes under the two chainithrez'uls crosses underthe other weft-thread, while at the next transfer the weftthread whichpasses over the two chain-threads crosses under the other weftthread ata point between the two chainthreads, the other weft-thread occupyingthe opposite relation to the chain-thre`ads and the first weft-thread.These two styles of transfer may be termed, for the purposes of thisspecification, a lon g cross anda short cross,7 the first being thetransfer where the two weft-threads cross each other over and under twoadjoining cliaiittlireads, and the second being a transfer where thethreads cross each other between the two adjoining chain-threads. Thusin the first transfer or long cross (shown in the lower part of thefigure) the shaded thread l, passes over the chainthreads and 4,crossing over the plain thread 2 in its passage, the plain thread 2passing .under the two chain-threads 3 and t and under the shadedthread 1. At the next transfer, illustrating' the short cross, theshaded thread 1 passes under the two chain-threads, crossing over theweft-thread 2 between the chain-threads, while the plain thread 2crosses over the two chain-threads and under the shaded thread 1 betweenthe two chainthreads, thus forming a short cross or lock separating thetwo chain-threads. The third transfer shown is a reproduction of thefirst, so that the sequence of the weft-threads is completed in allrespects every four picks. It will also be observed that theweft-threads are alternately over and under the two ad- Qioiningchainthreads,while the shaded thread 1 always crosses over the plainthread 2, at one transfer crossing over the two chainthreads, making along cross, and at thenext transfer passing under the twochain-threadsand crossin g over the other weft-thread, making a short cross, and soon. The weft-threzul approaching the center from the right always passesover the two, chain-threads, while the weft-th read approachin thecenter from the left of the fabric always passes under the twochainthreadsltwill be understood of course that the position of thethreads in this respect might be reversed without altering the essentialcharacteristics of the fabric, the thread being shown shaded in thedrawing merely to facilitate the description, as explained. Assumingthat the weft-threads 1 and 2, as shown in the first pick, approach thecenter from the right and left hand side of the ligure, respectively,and pass over into the opposite halves of the fabric, crossing cachother, and are then returned again toward the center, it will beobserved that the long cross is formed when the shaded thread 1approaches the center from the right and the plain thread 2 approachesthe center from the left, while the short cross is formed when theshaded thread 1 approaches the center `from the left and the plainthread 2 approaches the center from the right. It will be understood ofcourse that the position of the threads in this respect might bereversed without altering the essential character of the fabric,

lt will of course be understood that my invention is not limited tofabrics in which the weft-threads are transferred and crossed about thecenter chain-threads. This is the usual and convenient form, made hyrunning t-he loom atits full capacity; but, as explained in theapplications filed by me May 18, 1888, Serial Nos. 274,256 and 274,258,the two parts of the fabric may be of unequal breadth, my invention inthis respect consisting, as described, of transferring the weft-threadsinto a succeeding shedding at a point between the two selvage edges.

The fabric herein described and claimed is made bythe method ofmanufacture fully eX- plained in my applications, Serial No. 265,636,filed February 28, 1888, and Serial No. 274,259, filed May 18, 1888; andI make no claim in this application to such methods of manufacture.

That I cla-iin as my invention isl. As a new article of manufacture,aplain one-ply fabric composed of a single set of ehain-threads and twodistinct weft-threads which are transferred at or near the cent-er ofthe fabric from one pick into a succeeding pick and into oppositepositions in the fabric about two adjoining chain-threads which arealways between them, making along cross at one transfer and making ashort cross at the next transfer, and so on alternately.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-pl y fabric composed ofa' single set of chain-threads and two distinct weft-threads which aretransferred at or near the center of lthe fabric from one pick into asucceeding pick and into opposite positions in the fabric about twoadjoining chain-threads which are always between them, making a longcross and a short cross alternately, the relation of the weft-threads tothe chain-threads of over and under being reversed at each transfer.

o. As a new article of manufacture, aplain one-ply fabric composed of asingle set of clniiilrtlireads and two distinct weft-threads which aretransferred at or near the center of IDD IIO

the fabric from one pick into a succeeding pick and into oppositepositions in the fabric about two adjoining chain-threads which arealways between them, making a long cross and a short cross alternately,with one weftthread uniformly crossing over the other.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-ply fabric composed ofVa single set of chain-threads and two distinct weft-threads which aretransferred at or near the center of the fabric from one pick into asucceeding pick and into opposite -positions in the fabric, making along cross when a given thread approaches the center of the fabric froma given side and making a short cross when the same thread approachesthe center of the fabric from the opposite side.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-ply fabric composed of asingle set of Cil chain-threads and two distinct weft-threads which aretransferred at or near the center. of the fabric from one pick into asucceeding pick and. into opposite posit-ions in the fabric.` passingalternately over and under two adjoining chain-threads which are alwaysbetween lchem, making a long cross over and under said chain-threads atone transfer and a short cross between said chain-threads at the nexttransfer, the saine weft-thread al- Ways passing over the other.

Signed atTaunton, in the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts,this 12th day of March, A. D. 1888.

ABRAM D. EMERY. Witnesses:

HENRY J. FULLER, WALTER T. EMERY.

